Skip to content Skip to footer
Close

ArXiv preprints

  • Quantum fluctuation relations in first-detection processes
    A. Imparato
    6 August 2026
    We derive two quantum fluctuation relations for systems undergoing repeated projective measurements. These fluctuation relations characterize the work that can be extracted from a quantum device when a first-detection event triggers a mechanical operation leading to positive…
  • Master equation for systems interacting with linearized gravity
    Oliviero Angeli, Anirudh Gundhi, Angelo Bassi
    6 August 2026
    We investigate the open quantum dynamics of a system of two masses interacting with an environment of linearized gravitational waves. We formulate the analysis in terms of the observable proper distance between the two masses, and show that the canonical variables obtained from…
  • Quantum Impurities as Probes of Finite-Temperature Fluctuations in Two-Dimensional Bose Gases
    Victor Velasco, Gabriele Spada, Giovanni Midei, Andrea Perali, Luis A. Peña Ardila
    4 August 2026
    Two-dimensional quantum gases provide a distinctive setting in which enhanced thermal fluctuations, finite-size effects, and two-body bound-state formation are intrinsically intertwined. In this work, we study a single attractive impurity immersed in a finite, weakly interacting…
  • Attractor Geometry Determines the Identifiability Limits of System Discovery
    Matteo Gallo, Fabio Anselmi, Paolo Lazzari
    20 July 2026
    Symbolic discovery of governing equations from data is limited not only by algorithm design and data volume, but by the geometry of the attractor: what the long-run dynamics allow to be recovered. Using a within-system design on Lorenz-84, where one forcing parameter drives…
  • PAC–Bayes Bounds on Quotient Parameter Spaces: Geometry-induced Implicit-Bias Priors
    Nicola Aladrah, Fabio Anselmi
    20 July 2026
    Overparameterized models often have continuous parameter symmetries, so different parameters define the same predictor. We show that PAC–Bayesian analysis should be performed on the quotient predictor space: pushing a prior and posterior to the quotient preserves the empirical…
  • Symmetry extension by condensation defects II: general dimensions and higher-groups
    Matteo Bertolini, Lorenzo Di Pietro, Stefano C. Lanza, Antonio Santaniello
    17 July 2026
    We discuss a class of symmetry structures in general spacetime dimension that arise when gauging symmetries in theories with a cubic 't Hooft anomaly. The anomaly mixes two Abelian discrete symmetries $A$ and $B$ with a characteristic class for an additional symmetry $C$, and we…
  • Observers, local measurements, and topology
    Michele Cirafici
    16 July 2026
    An observer which propagates in a spacetime with dynamical gravity has access to an algebra of observables which is expected to be a von Neumann algebra with a trace. The observer can use projections from the algebra to perform local measurements. By using this fact we construct…
  • Emergence of a monopole phase in the $J_1{-}J_2$ Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice for small magnetic fields
    Sasank Budaraju, Shi Feng, Josef Willsher, Johannes Knolle, Frank Pollmann, Federico Becca
    16 July 2026
    We investigate the ground-state phase diagram of the $J_1{-}J_2$ Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice under an external Zeeman field $H$ by using the variational Monte Carlo approach. We span a region with $0 \le J_2/J_1 \le 0.2$ and $0 \le H/J_1 \le 2$, to assess the fate…
  • First passage time distribution in underdamped harmonic oscillators
    Aubin Archambault, Caroline Crauste-Thibierge, Alberto Imparato, Sergio Ciliberto, Ludovic Bellon
    1 July 2026
    We derive the distribution of the first passage time $t_{fp}$ for the position $x$ of an underdamped harmonic oscillator to overcome a threshold $x_B$. As the $t_{fp}$ distribution depends on the oscillator quality factor $Q$ different approaches are used. At very large quality…
  • First passage time for an underdamped harmonic oscillator and application to the power of an information engine
    Aubin Archambault, Caroline Crauste-Thibierge, Alberto Imparato, Sergio Ciliberto, Ludovic Bellon
    1 July 2026
    The distribution of the first passage time $t_{fp}$ for the position $x$ to overcome a threshold $x_B$ is calculated in an underdamped harmonic oscillator. The proof combines several approaches based on the determination of the eigenvalues of the Kramers differential operator…
  • State-dependent Gaussian gate set using an optical tweezer for trapped ions
    Philip Leindecker, Luka Milanovic, Tanja Behrle, Edgar Brucke, Matteo Marinelli, Julian Schmidt, Jonathan Home, Cornelius Hempel
    30 June 2026
    We demonstrate a state-dependent Gaussian gate set on the motional modes of trapped $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ions, realized with an optical tweezer. Dynamic control of the tweezer intensity and position enables local displacement, squeezing, phase-space rotation, and beamsplitter…
  • Sparse positive maps on qutrits with exact nondecomposability thresholds and PPT-entanglement transitions
    Davide Poderini, Angela Rosy Morgillo, Fabio Benatti, Fabio Anselmi, Chiara Macchiavello, Massimiliano F. Sacchi
    18 June 2026
    We study a family of sparse positive maps on qutrits for which positivity, decomposability, and PPT entanglement can all be analysed explicitly. The block structure of the associated Choi matrices reduces positivity to a Hermitian biquadratic form and leads to exact positivity…
  • Moduli Stabilisation for ADD and the Dark Dimension Scenario
    Andreas P. Braun, Michele Cicoli, Riccardo Milioli, Roberto Valandro
    17 June 2026
    We provide a moduli stabilisation mechanism for realising anisotropic string compactifications with one or two large extra dimensions, corresponding to the ADD and Dark Dimension scenarios. This is achieved within the type IIB Large Volume Scenario, where an exponentially large…
  • Cavity-enhanced superconducting response in an underdoped cuprate
    Angela Montanaro, Vadim Plastovets, Nitesh Khatiwada, Jacopo Fiore, Giacomo Jarc, Abdullah Alabbadi, Antonio Mastropasqua, Enrico Maria Rigoni, Shahla Y. Mathengattil, Simone Dal Zilio, Francesca Fassioli Olsen, Fabio Novelli, Stephan Winnerl, Michael A. Sentef, Dante M. Kennes, Andrew J. Millis, Francesco Piazza, Daniele Fausti
    16 June 2026
    Superconductors carry electrical current without resistance when paired electrons condense into a coherent macroscopic quantum state. In underdoped cuprates, evidence suggests that pairing-related correlations and superconducting fluctuations can survive above the temperature at…
  • A systematic review of COVID-19 epidemic models with endogenous human behaviour. What's next?
    Elena D'Agnese, Alessia Melegaro, Vittoria Offeddu, Alberto d'Onofrio, Nicola Perra, Chris T. Bauch, Piero Manfredi
    9 June 2026
    Human behaviour and epidemic dynamics are intertwined, yet accounting for this feedback remains one of the key challenges of epidemiological modelling. The COVID-19 pandemic was an opportunity to overcome the traditional limitations of the field, raising expectations that…
  • Long-term laser frequency stabilization with an FPGA-controlled scanning cavity
    R. Forti, R. Panza, A. Muzi Falconi, S. Sbernardori, A. Vardé, M. Marinelli, A. Carini, F. Scazza
    8 June 2026
    We present an FPGA-based implementation of a scanning transfer cavity lock (STCL) for laser frequency stabilization, allowing for the simultaneous stabilization of multiple laser sources with respect to a single reference laser by means of a continuously scanned Fabry-Perot…
  • A class of half-BPS boundary conditions for $A_{K-1}$ circular quivers
    Davide Bason, Roberto Valandro
    2 June 2026
    We study a string-motivated class of $\tfrac12$-BPS boundary conditions for 4d $\mathcal N=2$ $A_{K-1}$ circular quiver gauge theories, engineered by D4-branes suspended between NS5-branes on a circle. For D4-branes ending on boundary D6-branes, a single-pole ansatz reduces the…
  • Lattice polarons with extended interactions
    Enrique I. Ramírez-Juárez, Genaro Lopez-Olivera, Luis A. Peña Ardila, Arturo Camacho-Guardian
    24 May 2026
    Lattice impurities have recently emerged as a platform in which polarons unveil new quantum many-body states absent in free space and can serve to probe strongly correlated matter. In this work, we investigate two-dimensional lattice polarons with strong on-site repulsion and…
  • Learning to See Like Humans: Gaze-Aligned Cycling Safety Prediction
    Luís Maria Perdigão, Miguel Costa, Carlos Santiago, Manuel Marques
    21 May 2026
    Cycling delivers significant public-health and environmental benefits, yet its uptake in cities is often limited by perceived safety. When street environments appear unsafe, individuals are less likely to cycle, making perception a key barrier to adoption. Recent work has shown…
  • Open quantum dynamics without Complete Positivity: a criticism
    Fabio Benatti, Dariusz Chruściński, Saverio Pascazio
    18 May 2026
    The requirement of complete positivity is very often regarded as a fundamental consistency condition for the description of open quantum dynamics. We critically examine this requirement and discuss both its physical motivations and its limitations. We analyze proposals based on…
  • Generating Non-Decomposable Maps with Differentiable Semidefinite Programming
    Angela Rosy Morgillo, Davide Poderini, Fabio Anselmi, Fabio Benatti, Massimiliano F. Sacchi, Chiara Macchiavello
    14 May 2026
    Positive maps that are not decomposable are a key resource in entanglement theory because they can detect bound entangled states, yet systematic methods for constructing them remain limited. We introduce an optimization framework based on differentiable semidefinite programming…
  • Restoration of Ensemble Equivalence by Quantum Fluctuations
    Alessandro Campa, Andrea Trombettoni
    28 April 2026
    We study the thermodynamic phase diagram of a one-dimensional quantum spin chain subjected to both mean-field and nearest-neighbor interactions, and to a transverse magnetic field $h$. The purpose is to determine the effect of the quantum fluctuations, due to the transverse…
  • Can classical theories of gravity produce entanglement?
    Anirudh Gundhi, Giorgia Infantino, Angelo Bassi
    21 April 2026
    A recent paper published on Nature [Nature,646,813(2025)] by Aziz and Howl, claims that quantum particles become entangled when they interact gravitationally, even if the gravitational potential is treated classically. We show that the entanglement found by the authors stems…
  • Superconducting properties of the three-dimensional Hofstadter-Hubbard model below the critical flux for Weyl points
    Pierpaolo Fontana, Luca Lepori, Andrea Trombettoni
    21 April 2026
    The three-dimensional Hofstadter model exhibits a critical rational flux at which Weyl points emerge in the single-particle spectrum. We study the superconducting regime of the model in the presence of a Hubbard attractive interaction by tuning the magnetic flux across its…
  • D2-brane probes of non-toric cDV threefolds via monopole superpotentials
    Andrés Collinucci, Marina Moleti, Roberto Valandro
    10 April 2026
    We develop a framework to construct worldvolume gauge theories on D2-branes probing compound Du Val (cDV) Calabi-Yau threefold singularities. By viewing these singularities as ADE surface fibrations over the complex $w$-plane, we encode their geometry in a Higgs field $Φ(w)$. A…
  • Fluctuation engineering in cavity quantum materials
    Hope M Bretscher, Lorenzo Graziotto, Marios H Michael, Angela Montanaro, I-Te Lu, Andrey Grankin, James W McIver, Jerome Faist, Daniele Fausti, Martin Eckstein, Michael Ruggenthaler, Angel Rubio, DN Basov, Mohammad Hafezi, Martin Claassen, Dante M Kennes, Michael A Sentef
    9 April 2026
    Coupling tailored electromagnetic fluctuations to materials provides a resource for controlling correlated quantum matter. By structuring the frequency, spatial, and modal distribution of fluctuations through a new generation of cavity quantum materials, vacuum and thermal…
  • Perceptual misalignment of texture representations in convolutional neural networks
    Ludovica de Paolis, Fabio Anselmi, Alessio Ansuini, Eugenio Piasini
    1 April 2026
    Mathematical modeling of visual textures traces back to Julesz's intuition that texture perception in humans is based on local correlations between image features. An influential approach for texture analysis and generation generalizes this notion to linear correlations between…
  • Crossover and Critical Behavior in the Layered XY Model
    Roman Kracht, Andrea Trombettoni, Ilaria Maccari, Nicolò Defenu
    19 March 2026
    Motivated by the interplay between 2D and 3D scaling signatures observed in unconventional layered superconductors, we present a systematic Monte Carlo study of the three-dimensional classical XY model with anisotropic in-plane $J_\parallel$ and inter-plane $J_\perp$ couplings.…
  • Quantum Dynamical Entropy and Dissipative Information Flows
    Giovanni Nichele, Fabio Benatti
    14 March 2026
    The Alicki-Lindblad-Fannes dynamical (ALF) entropy measures the rate at which new information is gathered about a quantum system by inspecting its long-time evolution. We propose an extension of the ALF entropy to open quantum dynamics as a measure of back-flow of information…
  • Quantum Dynamical Entropy and non-Markovianity: a collisional model perspective
    Giovanni Nichele, Fabio Benatti
    14 March 2026
    Accessing the physical mechanisms behind non-Markovian phenomena in open quantum dynamics requires the study of the statistical properties of the joint system-environment dynamics. This is impossible at the level of the reduced dynamics of the open system alone as the latter is…
  • Testing the unitarity of the light neutrino mixing matrix
    E. Gabrielli, A. Lind, L. Marzola, K. Müürsepp, E. Nardi
    12 March 2026
    We propose a novel test of the unitarity of the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) mixing matrix at collider experiments. Our approach exploits the incomplete cancellation between $t$-channel neutrino exchange and $s$-channel gauge-boson contributions that arises in the…
  • Artificial Intelligence for Climate Adaptation: Reinforcement Learning for Climate Change-Resilient Transport
    Miguel Costa, Arthur Vandervoort, Carolin Schmidt, João Miranda, Morten W. Petersen, Martin Drews, Karyn Morrisey, Francisco C. Pereira
    6 March 2026
    Climate change is expected to intensify rainfall and, consequently, pluvial flooding, leading to increased disruptions in urban transportation systems over the coming decades. Designing effective adaptation strategies is challenging due to the long-term, sequential nature of…
  • Quantum foundations for quantum technologies in the International Year of Quantum (2025)
    Angelo Bassi
    4 March 2026
    From the very beginning, Quantum Mechanics has been accompanied by crucial foundational questions: the possibility of visualizing physical processes, the limits of measurement epitomized by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, the existence of a deeper underlying reality with…
  • Zigzag Persistence of Neural Responses to Time-Varying Stimuli
    Yuri Gardinazzi, Alessio Ansuini, Eugenio Piasini, Fabio Anselmi, Matteo Biagetti
    3 March 2026
    We use topological data analysis to study neural population activity in the Sensorium 2023 dataset, which records responses from thousands of mouse visual cortex neurons to diverse video stimuli. For each video, we build frame-by-frame cubical complexes from neuronal activity…
  • Electronic structure of Graphene/Co interfaces
    Daniela Pacilé, Simone Lisi, Iolanda Di Bernardo, M. Papagno, L. Ferrari, Michele Pisarra, Marco Caputo, S. K. Mahatha, P. M. Sheverdyaeva, P. Moras, P. Lacovig, Silvano Lizzit, Alessandro Baraldi, Maria Grazia Betti, Carlo Carbone
    23 February 2026
    Photoemission, from core levels and valence band, and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) have been employed to investigate the electronic and structural properties of novel graphene-ferromagnetic (G-FM) systems,obtained by intercalation of one mono-layer (1ML) and several…
  • The rise and fall of an oxide: insights into the phase diagram of bismuth oxide on Au(111)
    Alberto Turoldo, Marco Bianchi, Alessandro Baraldi, Silvano Lizzit
    18 February 2026
    Bismuth oxide (Bi$_2$O$_3$) is a polymorphic material of considerable technological interest, with applications spanning from heterogeneous catalysis to next-generation nanoelectronics. Despite its relevance, systematic investigations of Bi$_2$O$_3$ thin films remain scarce.…
  • Quantum Entanglement and Bell Nonlocality at Future Lepton Collider
    Emidio Gabrielli, Luca Marzola
    3 February 2026
    Quantum entanglement and Bell nonlocality–cornerstones of quantum mechanics–have traditionally been investigated only in low-energy experimental settings. Only recently, these fundamental phenomena have come to be explored in the high-energy domain of particle physics, where…
  • Direct observation of the optical Magnus effect with a trapped ion
    Philip Leindecker, Louis P. H. Gallagher, Edgar Brucke, Dominique Zehnder, Luka Milanovic, Matteo Marinelli, Rene Gerritsma, Robert J. C. Spreeuw, Jonathan Home, Cornelius Hempel
    30 January 2026
    We directly observe and spatially map an optical analog of the Magnus effect, where intrinsic spin-orbit-like coupling of light generates a spin-dependent transverse displacement of the atom-light interaction profile for a $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ion. Probed on a quadrupole transition…
  • Learning long term climate-resilient transport adaptation pathways under direct and indirect flood impacts using reinforcement learning
    Miguel Costa, Arthur Vandervoort, Carolin Schmidt, Morten W. Petersen, Martin Drews, Karyn Morrissey, Francisco C. Pereira
    26 January 2026
    Climate change is expected to intensify rainfall and other hazards, increasing disruptions in urban transportation systems. Designing effective adaptation strategies is challenging due to the long-term, sequential nature of infrastructure investments, deep uncertainty, and…
  • The $O(n\to\infty)$ Rotor Model and the Quantum Spherical Model on Graphs
    Nikita Titov, Andrea Trombettoni
    20 January 2026
    We show that the large $n$ limit of the $O(n)$ quantum rotor model defined on a general graph has the same critical behavior as the corresponding quantum spherical model and that the critical exponents depend solely on the spectral dimension $d_s$ of the graph. To this end, we…
  • Understanding and inverse design of implicit bias in stochastic learning: a geometric perspective
    Nicola Aladrah, Emanuele Ballarin, Matteo Biagetti, Alessio Ansuini, Alberto d'Onofrio, Fabio Anselmi
    10 January 2026
    A key challenge in machine learning is to explain how learning dynamics select among the many solutions that achieve identical loss values in overparameterized models – a phenomenon known as implicit bias. Controlling this bias provides a direct mechanism on learned…
  • Dressing and Screening in Anti-de Sitter
    Ankur, Lorenzo Di Pietro, Victor Gorbenko, Shota Komatsu, Veronica Sacchi
    7 January 2026
    Motivated by a question of defining gauge-invariant observables in cosmology and by the close connection between perturbation theory in de Sitter (dS) and Anti-de Sitter (AdS), we study scalar electrodynamics in AdS in setups that are largely unexplored but relevant for dS…
  • Ultracold Quantum Gravimeters: An Introduction for Geophysicists
    Ivaldevingles Rodrigues De Souza Junior, Andrea Trombettoni, Carla Braitenberg
    2 January 2026
    This paper aims at providing an accessible introduction to ultracold quantum gravimeters tailored for geophysicists. We do not focus here on geophysical applications, as these are already well known to geophysicists, but rather provide a pedagogical exposition of the…
  • Non-toric 5d SCFTs from Reid's Pagoda
    Andrés Collinucci, Fabrizio Del Monte, Mario De Marco, Marina Moleti, Roberto Valandro
    21 December 2025
    We construct new families of non-toric 5d SCFTs via abelian orbifolds of the Reid Pagoda, including a surprising infinite family of rank-1 theories, that evade all known classifications. Using the McKay correspondence, we derive their BPS quivers and superpotentials. The…
  • F-theorem for Quantum Field Theories in Anti-de Sitter Space
    Davide Bason, Christian Copetti, Lorenzo Di Pietro, Ziming Ji, Shota Komatsu
    20 December 2025
    We introduce a regularized free energy $\mathcal{F}_{\text{AdS}}$ for massive quantum field theories (QFTs) on Anti-de Sitter space (AdS). We conjecture this quantity to be monotonic under the renormalization group (RG) flow induced by boundary perturbations, generalizing the…
  • The Lattice Schwinger Model and Its Quantum Simulation
    Joao C. Pinto Barros, Pierpaolo Fontana, Pasquale Sodano, Andrea Trombettoni
    12 December 2025
    In this chapter we review results on the lattice Schwinger model. In par-ticular, we show how the effect of the anomaly is reproduced on the lattice. We connect these results to recent developments in the field of quantum simulation of interacting field theories. Schemes for the…
  • Insensitivity points and performance of open quantum interferometers under number-conserving & non-conserving Lindblad dynamics
    Tommaso Favalli, Žan Kokalj, Andrea Trombettoni
    11 December 2025
    We investigate the phase sensitivity of a linear two-mode atom interferometer subject to environmental noise, modeled within the framework of open quantum systems with both number-conserving and non-conserving Lindblad operators. Considering several input states, we first study…
  • Triangular $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg Antiferromagnet in a Magnetic Field
    Thomas Bader, Shi Feng, Sasank Budaraju, Federico Becca, Johannes Knolle, Frank Pollmann
    9 December 2025
    The behavior of the paradigmatic $J_1-J_2$ triangular lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet in a magnetic field remains unsettled despite decades of study. We map out the phase diagram using three complementary approaches, including self-consistent nonlinear spin-wave theory,…
  • On the Emergence of Time and Space in Closed Quantum Systems
    Tommaso Favalli
    8 December 2025
    Time, space and entanglement are the main characters in this work. Their nature is still a great mystery in physics and we study here the possibility that these three phenomena are closely connected, showing how entanglement can be at the basis of the emergence of time and space…
  • Measuring CP violation using quantum state tomography
    M. Fabbrichesi, R. Floreanini, E. Gabrielli, L. Marzola
    8 December 2025
    We investigate direct CP violation in neutral meson decays by reconstructing the associated density matrices and measuring their difference using the trace distance. Our results cover neutral kaon decays into two scalar triplets of isospin space, specifically the pions, and…
  • Phase diagram of the one-dimensional three-state Potts model with an additional mean-field interaction
    Alessandro Campa, Vahan Hovhannisyan, Stefano Ruffo, Andrea Trombettoni
    2 December 2025
    We derive the phase diagram of the one-dimensional three-state Potts model with an additional mean-field interaction in the canonical ensemble. The free energy is obtained by mapping the model onto the spin-$1$ Blume-Emery-Griffiths model and solving it by using an…
  • A Bootstrap Study of Confinement in AdS
    Lorenzo Di Pietro, Stefanos R. Kousvos, Marco Meineri, Alessandro Piazza, Marco Serone, Alessandro Vichi
    28 November 2025
    Yang-Mills theory in AdS$_{4}$ with Dirichlet boundary conditions is expected to undergo a transition as the AdS radius varies, since the boundary data is incompatible with confinement in flat space. Various mechanisms have been proposed for the disappearance of the Dirichlet…
  • Effect of Energy Extensivity on the Performance of Open Quantum Interferometers
    Žan Kokalj, Tommaso Favalli, Andrea Trombettoni
    27 November 2025
    Studying the performance of a quantum interferometer coupled to an external environment is a problem of conceptual and practical importance. If we consider a quantum interferometer featuring Heisenberg-limited sensitivity, then a typical result is that introducing coupling with…
  • From Laplacian-to-Adjacency Matrix for Continuous Spins on Graphs
    Nikita Titov, Andrea Trombettoni
    15 November 2025
    The study of spins and particles on graphs has broad applications, from the dynamics of interacting systems on networks to combinatorial problems. Here, we study the large-$n$ limit of the $O(n)$ model on graphs, which is considerably more challenging than on regular lattices,…
  • QCD in AdS
    Riccardo Ciccone, Fabiana De Cesare, Lorenzo Di Pietro, Marco Serone
    6 November 2025
    We study QCD on AdS space with scalars or fermions in the fundamental representation, extending earlier results on pure Yang-Mills theory. In the latter, the Dirichlet boundary condition is conjectured to disappear via merger and annihilation, as signaled by the lightest scalar…
  • Climate Adaptation with Reinforcement Learning: Economic vs. Quality of Life Adaptation Pathways
    Miguel Costa, Arthur Vandervoort, Martin Drews, Karyn Morrissey, Francisco C. Pereira
    5 November 2025
    Climate change will cause an increase in the frequency and severity of flood events, prompting the need for cohesive adaptation policymaking. Designing effective adaptation policies, however, depends on managing the uncertainty of long-term climate impacts. Meanwhile, such…
  • Incorporating Quality of Life in Climate Adaptation Planning via Reinforcement Learning
    Miguel Costa, Arthur Vandervoort, Martin Drews, Karyn Morrissey, Francisco C. Pereira
    5 November 2025
    Urban flooding is expected to increase in frequency and severity as a consequence of climate change, causing wide-ranging impacts that include a decrease in urban Quality of Life (QoL). Meanwhile, policymakers must devise adaptation strategies that can cope with the uncertain…
  • Angular momentum of rotating fermionic superfluids by Sagnac phonon interferometry
    Marcia Frómeta Fernández, Diego Hernández Rajkov, Giulia Del Pace, Nicola Grani, Massimo Inguscio, Francesco Scazza, Sandro Stringari, Giacomo Roati
    4 November 2025
    Fermionic many-body systems provide an unrivaled arena to investigate how interactions drive the emergence of collective quantum behavior, such as macroscopic coherence and superfluidity. Central to these phenomena is the formation of Cooper pairs, correlated states of two…
  • Pseudo quantum advantages in perceptron storage capacity
    Fabio Benatti, Masoud Gharahi, Giovanni Gramegna, Stefano Mancini, Vincenzo Parisi
    2 November 2025
    We investigate a generalized quantum perceptron architecture characterized by an oscillating activation function with a tunable frequency ranging from zero to infinity. Employing analytical techniques from statistical mechanics, we derive the optimal storage capacity and…
  • Open harmonic chain without secular approximation
    Melika Babakan, Fabio Benatti, Laleh Memarzadeh
    26 October 2025
    We study particle and energy transport in an open quantum system consisting of a three harmonic oscillator chain coupled to thermal baths at different temperatures placed at the ends of the chain. We consider the exact dynamics of the open chain and its so-called local and…
  • Mitigating Coherent Errors through a Decoherence-Resistant Variational Framework employing Stabilizer State
    Giovanni Di Bartolomeo, Giulio Crognaletti, Angelo Bassi, Michele Vischi
    23 October 2025
    Stabilizer states are a central resource in quantum information processing, underpinning a wide range of applications. While they can be efficiently generated via Clifford circuits, the presence of coherent errors, such as small-angle miscalibrations in native gate…
  • Domain-Adapted Pre-trained Language Models for Implicit Information Extraction in Crash Narratives
    Xixi Wang, Jordanka Kovaceva, Miguel Costa, Shuai Wang, Francisco Camara Pereira, Robert Thomson
    10 October 2025
    Free-text crash narratives recorded in real-world crash databases have been shown to play a significant role in improving traffic safety. However, large-scale analyses remain difficult to implement as there are no documented tools that can batch process the unstructured, non…
  • One-dimensional long-range Ising model: two (almost) equivalent approximations
    Valerio Pagni, Guido Giachetti, Andrea Trombettoni, Nicolò Defenu
    2 October 2025
    We investigate the critical behavior of the one-dimensional Ising model with long-range interactions using the functional renormalization group in the local potential approximation (LPA), and compare our findings with Dyson's hierarchical model (DHM). While the DHM lacks…
  • Probability-Phase Mutual Information
    Cameron Hahn, Nishan Ranabhat, Fabio Anza
    1 October 2025
    Quantum coherence is an exquisitely quantum phenomenon that depends on both probability amplitudes and relative phases. Standard coherence measures quantify superposition within density matrices but cannot distinguish ensembles that produce the same mixed state through different…
  • Direct measurement of coherent nodal and antinodal dynamics in underdoped Bi-2212
    Rishabh Mishra, Jonathan O. Tollerud, Paolo Franceschini, Nikolas Stavrias, Fabio Boschini, Genda Gu, Andrea Damascelli, Daniele Fausti, Jared H. Cole, Claudio Giannetti, Jeffrey A. Davis
    23 September 2025
    The physics of strongly correlated materials is deeply rooted in electron interactions and their coupling to low-energy excitations. Unraveling the competing and cooperative nature of these interactions is crucial for connecting microscopic mechanisms to the emergence of exotic…
  • Symmetry extension by condensation defects in five-dimensional gauge theories
    Matteo Bertolini, Lorenzo Di Pietro, Stefano C. Lanza, Pierluigi Niro, Antonio Santaniello
    19 September 2025
    We investigate the symmetry structure of five-dimensional Yang-Mills theories with $\mathfrak{su}(N)$ gauge algebra. These theories feature intertwined 0-, 1-, and 2-form symmetries, depending on the global variant one is considering. In the $SU(N)$ theory, there is a mixed 't…
  • Particle Collisions & Quantum Entanglement in High-Energy Collisions
    Emidio Gabrielli
    9 September 2025
    The exploration of fundamental quantum phenomena, such as entanglement and Bell inequality violations$-$extensively studied in low-energy regimes$-$has recently extended to high-energy particle collisions. Experimentally, Bell inequality violations, which challenge Einstein's…
  • Few is different: deciphering many-body dynamics in mesoscopic quantum gases
    Juergen Berges, Sandra Brandstetter, Jasmine Brewer, Georg Bruun, Tilman Enss, Stefan Floerchinger, Keisuke Fujii, Maciej Galka, Giuliano Giacalone, Qingze Guan, Carl Heintze, Lars H. Heyen, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, Selim Jochim, Jesper Levinsen, Philipp Lunt, Silvia Masciocchi, Aleksas Mazeliauskas, Nir Navon, Alice Ohlson, Meera Parish, Stephanie M. Reimann, Francesco Scazza, Thomas Schaefer, Derek Teaney, Joseph Thywissen, Raju Venugopalan, Yangqian Yan, Matteo Zaccanti, Torsten V. Zache
    5 September 2025
    Emergent macroscopic descriptions of matter, such as hydrodynamics, are central to our description of complex physical systems across a wide spectrum of energy scales. The conventional understanding of these many-body phenomena has recently been shaken by a number of…
  • Spontaneous Collapse Models
    Matteo Carlesso, Sandro Donadi
    26 August 2025
    Collapse models are phenomenological models introduced to solve the measurement problem in quantum mechanics. They modify the Schr\"odinger equation by adding non-linear and stochastic terms, which induce the wavefunction collapse in space. The collapse effects are negligible…
  • Quantum spacetime from constraints: wave equations and fields
    Tommaso Favalli
    18 August 2025
    In previous works, we showed that both time and space can emerge from entanglement within a globally constrained quantum Universe, with no background coordinates. By extending the Page and Wootters quantum time formalism to include both quantum clocks and rods, and imposing…
  • On thermalization of a system with discrete phase space
    A. Imparato
    4 August 2025
    We investigate the thermalization of a stochastic system with discrete phase space, initially at equilibrium at temperature $T_i$ and then termalizing in an environment at temperature $T_f$ , considering both cases $T_i > T_f$ and $T_i < T_f$. For the simple case of a system…
  • Impact of quantum coherence on the dynamics and thermodynamics of quenched free fermions coupled to a localized defect
    Beatrice Donelli, Gabriele De Chiara, Francesco Scazza, Stefano Gherardini
    2 August 2025
    We investigate the non-equilibrium quantum dynamics and thermodynamics of free fermions suddenly coupled to a localized defect in a one-dimensional harmonic trap. This setup realizes a quantum quench transformation that gives rise to the orthogonalization of the system's…
  • Broken Detailed Balance and Entropy Production in CPTP Quantum Brownian Motion
    Simone Artini, Gabriele Lo Monaco, Alberto Imparato, Mauro Paternostro, Sandro Donadi
    31 July 2025
    We rigorously analyze the non-equilibrium thermodynamic behavior of various formulations of quantum Brownian motion (QBM) using the framework of stochastic thermodynamics. While the widely used Caldeira-Leggett master equation exhibits desirable thermodynamic features, such as…
  • Non-classicality at equilibrium and efficient predictions under non-commuting charges
    Lodovico Scarpa, Nishan Ranabhat, Amit Te'eni, Abdulla Alhajri, Vlatko Vedral, Fabio Anza, Luis Pedro García-Pintos
    30 July 2025
    A quantum thermodynamic system can conserve non-commuting observables, but the consequences of this phenomenon on relaxation are still not fully understood. We investigate this problem by leveraging an observable-dependent approach to equilibration and thermalization in isolated…
  • Orthogonalization speed-up from quantum coherence after a sudden quench
    Beatrice Donelli, Gabriele De Chiara, Francesco Scazza, Stefano Gherardini
    28 July 2025
    We introduce a nonequilibrium phenomenon, reminiscent of Anderson's orthogonality catastrophe (OC), that arises in the transient dynamics following an interaction quench between a quantum system and a localized defect. Even if the system comprises only a single particle, the…
  • Vortices in dipolar condensates of interlayer excitons
    Sara Conti, Andrey Chaves, Luis A. Pena Ardila, David Neilson, Milorad V. Milosevic
    21 July 2025
    Recently observed signatures of Bose-Einstein condensation and superfluidity of dipolar excitons have drawn enormous attention to excitonic semiconductor bilayers. In superfluids, stabilization and observation of vortex matter is usually a decisive proof of coherent condensation…
  • Towards relativistic generalization of collapse models
    Anirudh Gundhi, Lajos Diósi, Matteo Carlesso
    9 July 2025
    Spontaneous collapse models provide a possible, testable solution to the quantum measurement problem. While experiments are providing increasingly stronger bounds on their parameters, a full-fledged relativistic extension is still missing. Previous attempts have encountered…
  • Enhancement of the effects due to the Schrödinger-Newton equation
    Davide Giordano Ario Altamura, José Luis Gaona-Reyes, Elliot Simcox, Hendrik Ulbricht, Angelo Bassi
    3 July 2025
    The Schrödinger-Newton (SN) equation introduces a nonlinear self-gravitational term to the standard Schrödinger equation, offering a paradigmatic model for semiclassical gravity. However, the small deviations it predicts from standard quantum mechanics pose significant…
  • Microsecond-scale high-survival and number-resolved detection of ytterbium atom arrays
    Alessandro Muzi Falconi, Riccardo Panza, Sara Sbernardori, Riccardo Forti, Ralf Klemt, Omar Abdel Karim, Matteo Marinelli, Francesco Scazza
    1 July 2025
    Scalable atom-based quantum platforms for simulation, computing, and metrology require fast high-fidelity, low-loss imaging of individual atoms. Standard fluorescence detection methods rely on continuous cooling, limiting the detection range to one atom and imposing long imaging…
  • Quantum pions
    M. Fabbrichesi, R. Floreanini, E. Gabrielli, L. Marzola
    5 June 2025
    We show that two- and three-pion states produced in the decay of neutral kaons are contextual, entangled, and Bell nonlocal in isospin space. By reinterpreting the experimental values of the different isospin amplitudes, we can determine the amount of entanglement enjoyed by…
  • $\mathcal{N}=2$ Super Yang-Mills in AdS$_4$ and $F_{\text{AdS}}$-maximization
    Davide Bason, Christian Copetti, Lorenzo Di Pietro, Ziming Ji
    5 June 2025
    We investigate the dynamics of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ $SU(2)$ super Yang–Mills theory on an AdS background. We propose that the boundary conditions that preserve the AdS super-isometries are determined by maximizing the real part of the AdS partition function…
  • Plugging Schema Graph into Multi-Table QA: A Human-Guided Framework for Reducing LLM Reliance
    Xixi Wang, Miguel Costa, Jordanka Kovaceva, Shuai Wang, Francisco C. Pereira
    4 June 2025
    Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in table Question Answering (Table QA). However, extending these capabilities to multi-table QA remains challenging due to unreliable schema linking across complex tables. Existing methods based on semantic similarity work well…
  • A many-body marker for three-dimensional topological insulators with inversion symmetry
    Federico Becca, Alberto Parola
    25 May 2025
    We extend the previously defined many-body marker for two-dimensional $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological insulators [I. Gilardoni {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 106}, L161106 (2022)] to distinguish trivial, weak-, and strong-topological insulators in three dimensions, in presence of…
  • An open harmonic chain: Exact vs global and local reduced dynamics
    Melika Babakan, Fabio Benatti, Laleh Memarzadeh
    22 May 2025
    In the following, we study the dissipative time-evolution of a quantum chain consisting of three coupled harmonic oscillators, the first and third of which weakly interact quadratically with two independent thermal baths in equilibrium at different temperatures. Due to the…
  • Engineering the Kondo impurity problem with alkaline-earth atom arrays
    Adriano Amaricci, Andrea Richaud, Massimo Capone, Nelson Darkwah Oppong, Francesco Scazza
    20 May 2025
    We propose quantum simulation experiments of the Kondo impurity problem using cold alkaline-earth(-like) atoms (AEAs) in a combination of optical lattice and optical tweezer potentials. Within an ab initio model for atomic interactions in the optical potentials, we analyze…
  • Agentic publications: redesigning scientific publishing in the age of thinking large language models
    Roberto Pugliese, George Kourousias, Francesco Venier, Grazia Garlatti Costa
    19 May 2025
    Purpose: This paper introduces the concept of "Agentic Publication," a novel LLM-driven framework designed to complement traditional scientific publishing by transforming papers into interactive knowledge systems that address challenges created by exponential growth in…
  • Single-atom imaging of ${}^{173}$Yb in optical tweezers loaded by a five-beam magneto-optical trap
    Omar Abdel Karim, Alessandro Muzi Falconi, Riccardo Panza, Wenliang Liu, Francesco Scazza
    12 May 2025
    We report on the trapping and imaging of individual ytterbium atoms in arrays of optical tweezers, loaded from a magneto-optical trap (MOT) formed by only five beams in an orthogonal configuration. In our five-beam MOT, operating on the narrow ${}^1$S${}_0 \rightarrow…
  • Tests of quantum contextuality in particle physics
    M. Fabbrichesi, R. Floreanini, E. Gabrielli, L. Marzola
    16 April 2025
    Quantum contextuality refers to the impossibility of assigning a predefined, intrinsic value to a physical property of a system independently of the context in which the property is measured. It is, perhaps, the most fundamental feature of quantum mechanics. The many states with…
  • Using Reinforcement Learning to Integrate Subjective Wellbeing into Climate Adaptation Decision Making
    Arthur Vandervoort, Miguel Costa, Morten W. Petersen, Martin Drews, Sonja Haustein, Karyn Morrissey, Francisco C. Pereira
    14 April 2025
    Subjective wellbeing is a fundamental aspect of human life, influencing life expectancy and economic productivity, among others. Mobility plays a critical role in maintaining wellbeing, yet the increasing frequency and intensity of both nuisance and high-impact floods due to…
  • Relativistic limits on the discretization and temporal resolution of a quantum clock
    Tommaso Favalli
    8 April 2025
    We provide a brief discussion regarding relativistic limits on the discretization and temporal resolution of time values in a quantum clock. Our clock is characterized by a time observable chosen to be the complement of a bounded and discrete Hamiltonian which can have an…
  • Quantum Information meets High-Energy Physics: Input to the update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics
    Yoav Afik, Federica Fabbri, Matthew Low, Luca Marzola, Juan Antonio Aguilar-Saavedra, Mohammad Mahdi Altakach, Nedaa Alexandra Asbah, Yang Bai, Hannah Banks, Alan J. Barr, Alexander Bernal, Thomas E. Browder, Paweł Caban, J. Alberto Casas, Kun Cheng, Frédéric Déliot, Regina Demina, Antonio Di Domenico, Michał Eckstein, Marco Fabbrichesi, Benjamin Fuks, Emidio Gabrielli, Dorival Gonçalves, Radosław Grabarczyk, Michele Grossi, Tao Han, Timothy J. Hobbs, Paweł Horodecki, James Howarth, Shih-Chieh Hsu, Stephen Jiggins, Eleanor Jones, Andreas W. Jung, Andrea Helen Knue, Steffen Korn, Theodota Lagouri, Priyanka Lamba, Gabriel T. Landi, Haifeng Li, Qiang Li, Ian Low, Fabio Maltoni, Josh McFayden, Navin McGinnis, Roberto A. Morales, Jesús M. Moreno, Juan Ramón Muñoz de Nova, Giulia Negro, Davide Pagani, Giovanni Pelliccioli, Michele Pinamonti, Laura Pintucci, Baptiste Ravina, Alim Ruzi, Kazuki Sakurai, Ethan Simpson, Maximiliano Sioli, Shufang Su, Sokratis Trifinopoulos, Sven E. Vahsen, Sofia Vallecorsa, Alessandro Vicini, Marcel Vos, Eleni Vryonidou, Chris D. White, Martin J. White, Andrew J. Wildridge, Tong Arthur Wu, Laura Zani, Yulei Zhang, Knut Zoch
    31 March 2025
    Some of the most astonishing and prominent properties of Quantum Mechanics, such as entanglement and Bell nonlocality, have only been studied extensively in dedicated low-energy laboratory setups. The feasibility of these studies in the high-energy regime explored by particle…
  • Mutual friction and vortex Hall angle in a strongly interacting Fermi superfluid
    Nicola Grani, Diego Hernández-Rajkov, Cyprien Daix, Pierbiagio Pieri, Michele Pini, Piotr Magierski, Gabriel Wlazłowski, Marcia Frómeta Fernández, Francesco Scazza, Giulia Del Pace, Giacomo Roati
    27 March 2025
    The motion of a quantized vortex is intimately connected with its microscopic structure and the elementary excitations of the surrounding fluid. In this work, we investigate the two-dimensional motion of a single vortex orbiting a pinned anti-vortex in a unitary Fermi superfluid…
  • Sterile-neutrino search based on 259 days of KATRIN data
    Himal Acharya, Max Aker, Dominic Batzler, Armen Beglarian, Justus Beisenkötter, Matteo Biassoni, Benedikt Bieringer, Yanina Biondi, Matthias Böttcher, Beate Bornschein, Lutz Bornschein, Marco Carminati, Auttakit Chatrabhuti, Suren Chilingaryan, Deseada Díaz Barrero, Byron A. Daniel, Martin Descher, Otokar Dragoun, Guido Drexlin, Frank Edzards, Klaus Eitel, Enrico Ellinger, Ralph Engel, Sanshiro Enomoto, Luca Fallböhmer, Arne Felden, Caroline Fengler, Carlo Fiorini, Joseph A. Formaggio, Christian Forstner, Florian M. Fränkle, Giulio Gagliardi, Kevin Gauda, Andrew S. Gavin, Woosik Gil, Ferenc Glück, Robin Grössle, Thomas Höhn, Khushbakht Habib, Volker Hannen, Leonard Haßelmann, Klaus Helbing, Hanna Henke, Svenja Heyns, Roman Hiller, David Hillesheimer, Dominic Hinz, Alexander Jansen, Christoph Köhler, Khanchai Khosonthongkee, Joshua Kohpeiß, Leonard Köllenberger, Andreas Kopmann, Neven Kovač, Luisa La Cascio, Leo Laschinger, Thierry Lasserre, Joscha Lauer, Thanh-Long Le, Ondřej Lebeda, Bjoern Lehnert, Alexey Lokhov, Moritz Machatschek, Alexander Marsteller, Eric L. Martin, Kirsten McMichael, Christin Melzer, Lukas Erik Mettler, Susanne Mertens, Shailaja Mohanty, Jalal Mostafa, Immanuel Müller, Andrea Nava, Holger Neumann, Simon Niemes, Irene Nutini, Anthony Onillon, Diana S. Parno, Maura Pavan, Udomsilp Pinsook, Jan Plößner, Alan W. P. Poon, Jose Manuel Lopez Poyato, Florian Priester, Jan Ráliš, Marco Röllig, Shivani Ramachandran, R G. Hamish Robertson, Caroline Rodenbeck, Rudolf Sack, Alejandro Saenz, Richard Salomon, Jannis Schürmann, Peter Schäfer, Ann-Kathrin Schütz, Magnus Schlösser, Lisa Schlüter, Sonja Schneidewind, Ulrich Schnurr, Alessandro Schwemmer, Adrian Schwenck, Michal Šefčík, Jakkapat Seeyangnok, Daniel Siegmann, Frank Simon, Julanan Songwadhana, Felix Spanier, Daniela Spreng, Warintorn Sreethawong, Markus Steidl, Jaroslav Štorek, Xaver Stribl, Michael Sturm, Narumon Suwonjandee, Nicholas Tan Jerome, Helmut H. H. Telle, Thomas Thümmler, Larisa A. Thorne, Nikita Titov, Igor Tkachev, Kerstin Trost, Korbinian Urban, Drahoš Vénos, Kathrin Valerius, Sascha Wüstling, Christian Weinheimer, Stefan Welte, Jürgen Wendel, Christoph Wiesinger, John F. Wilkerson, Joachim Wolf, Johanna Wydra, Weiran Xu, Sergey Zadorozhny, Genrich Zeller
    24 March 2025
    Neutrinos are the most abundant fundamental matter particles in the Universe and play a crucial role in particle physics and cosmology. Neutrino oscillation, discovered about 25 years ago, reveals that the three known species mix with each other. Anomalous results from reactor…
  • Tracking the photoinduced dynamics of a dark excitonic state in single-layer WS$_2$ via resonant Autler-Townes splitting
    Angela Montanaro, Francesco Valiera, Francesca Giusti, Francesca Fassioli, Chiara Trovatello, Giacomo Jarc, Enrico Maria Rigoni, Fang Liu, Xiaoyang Zhu, Stefano Dal Conte, Giulio Cerullo, Martin Eckstein, Daniele Fausti
    24 March 2025
    Excitons in a monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (1L-TMD) are highly bound states characterized by a Rydberg-like spectrum of discrete energy levels. Among these, states with odd-parity are known as dark excitons due to selection rules, which make their stationary and…
  • Quantum contextuality of spin-1 massive particles
    M. Fabbrichesi, R. Floreanini, E. Gabrielli, L. Marzola
    18 March 2025
    Contextuality is a fundamental property of quantum mechanics. Contrary to entanglement, which can only exist in composite systems, contextuality is also present for single entities. The case of a three-level system is of particular interest because–in agreement with the…
  • The Spectral Bias of Shallow Neural Network Learning is Shaped by the Choice of Non-linearity
    Justin Sahs, Ryan Pyle, Fabio Anselmi, Ankit Patel
    13 March 2025
    Despite classical statistical theory predicting severe overfitting, modern massively overparameterized neural networks still generalize well. This unexpected property is attributed to the network's so-called implicit bias, which describes its propensity to converge to solutions…
  • Mean Field Approaches to Lattice Gauge Theories: A Review
    Pierpaolo Fontana, Andrea Trombettoni
    28 February 2025
    Due to their broad applicability, gauge theories (GTs) play a crucial role in various areas of physics, from high-energy physics to condensed matter. Their formulations on lattices, lattice gauge theories (LGTs), can be studied, among many other methods, with tools coming from…
  • Theoretical Limits of Protocols for Distinguishing Different Unravelings
    J. L. Gaona-Reyes, D. G. A. Altamura, A. Bassi
    26 February 2025
    Stochastic unravelings of Lindblad-type master equations, such as stochastic Schrödinger equations (SSEs), provide powerful tools to model open quantum systems and continuous measurement processes. The same master equation can be unraveled in different ways; while these…
  • Foundation Neural-Networks Quantum States as a Unified Ansatz for Multiple Hamiltonians
    Riccardo Rende, Luciano Loris Viteritti, Federico Becca, Antonello Scardicchio, Alessandro Laio, Giuseppe Carleo
    13 February 2025
    Foundation models are highly versatile neural-network architectures capable of processing different data types, such as text and images, and generalizing across various tasks like classification and generation. Inspired by this success, we propose Foundation Neural-Network…
  • Transport of ultracold dipolar fermions in one-dimensional optical lattices
    Barnali Chakrabarti, N D Chavda, Andrea Trombettoni, Arnaldo Gammal
    10 February 2025
    We investigate the transport properties in out-of-equilibrium dynamics of strongly correlated dipolar fermions initially localized in one-dimensional inhomogeneous optical lattice. The dynamics is studied by experimentally measurable dynamical variables such as one-body density,…